British forces captured Bremen on 26 April after a week of combat. The Nazis exterminated one to two million Soviet Jews (including the annexed territories) as part of the Holocaust. Generals Eisenhower and Bradley concluded that pushing beyond the Elbe made no sense since eastern Germany was destined in any case to be occupied by the Red Army. Reported deaths for the years 19391945 1,187,783, including: judicial executions 46,350; deaths in Gulag labor camps 718,804; deaths in labor colonies and prisons 422,629. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warsaw 2009; Poland. Demographic Research, Vol. Germany reports. [247] The Russian scholar Viktor Zemskov puts the death toll from 1941 to 1945 at about 1million based on data from the Soviet archives. Navy Moscow, Nauka, 1993; S. N. Mikhalev, Liudskie poteri v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine 19411945 gg: Statisticheskoe issledovanie, Krasnoiarskii gos. By The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (1993). pedagog. Thomas M. Leonard, John F. Bratzel, George Lauderbaugh. Hitler survived to wreak a terrible vengeance on at least 2,000 army officers (including Rommel) and launch a desperate counter-attack on the Western Front in December 1944, now known as the 'Battle of the Bulge'. However, Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, had suffered serious losses in Norway, and in order to even consider an amphibious landing, Germany's Air Force (the Luftwaffe) had to first gain air superiority or air supremacy. The official casualty statistics published by the governments of the United States, France, and the UK do not give the details of the national origin, race and religion of the losses. The principal belligerents were Russia and Romania (of the Allied and Associated Powers) versus the Central Powers countries of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria. Universe, Inc. (July 13, 2005). A total of 2,419 American civilian internees were listed as dead and missing. 1-Summary Report (July 1946) Total civilian casualties in Japan, as a result of 9 months of air attack, including those from the atomic bombs, were approximately 806,000. The casualties listed here include 19 to 25million war-related famine deaths in the USSR, China, Indonesia, Vietnam, the Philippines, and India that are often omitted from other compilations of World War II casualties.[14][15]. - (Russian Academy of Sciences). Routledge. [1] Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 5056million, with an additional estimated 1928million deaths from war-related disease and famine. Curiously, until the autumn of 1916 German casualties on the Eastern Front in proportion to the number of men were not smaller than in the West despite Russian weakness in artillery and ammunition. These figures include military dead of 30,000 Chinese from Taiwan and 22,182 Koreans. Included in the losses are 64,000 victims of Nazi reprisals and genocide including 30,000 POWs and 8,500 Jews. Some I've been cooking for years, decades even, others I have cooked just . iUniverse, Inc. (July 13, 2005). Retrieved 4 March 2016. In this uncertain situation, estimates of casualties have generally ranged between 100,000 and 180,000 for Hiroshima, and between 50,000 and 100,000 for Nagasaki. Guo Rugui, editor-in-chief Huang Yuzhang Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2005; Gregory Frumkin. Answer (1 of 5): WW1 total military deaths: between 8 573 054 and 10 824 236. Detailed by country: Rummel estimates POW deaths in Japanese custody at 539,000. [265] However some western scholars estimate the total at between 1.7 and 2.3million.[266]. Their advance only slowed down as they encountered regrouped and entrenched German troops in the Vosges Mountains. Colonial forces are not included in these figures. During World War II, the Western Front was the theater of fighting west of Germany, encompassing the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Denmark. They place the ultimate blame for the mass flight and expulsion on the wartime policy of the Nazis in Eastern Europe. These figures included the losses of Newfoundland and Southern Rhodesia. 5354. [256] In 2005 Tadeusz Piotrowski estimated the death toll in Soviet hands at 350,000. For nations that suffered huge losses such as the Soviet Union, China, Poland, Germany, and Yugoslavia, sources can give only the total estimated population loss caused by the war and a rough estimate of the breakdown of deaths caused by military activity, crimes against humanity and war-related famine. Vertreibungsgebieten stlich von Oder und Neie. During the push east, the cities of Frankfurt am Main, Kassel, Magdeburg, Halle and Leipzig were strongly defended by ad hoc German garrisons made up of regular troops, Flak units, Volkssturm and armed Nazi Party auxiliaries. Russian sources report that the Soviets reported the POW deaths of 62,105 (61,855 Japanese and 214 collaborator forces) out of the 640,105 captured (609,448 Japanese and 30,657 collaborator forces). They maintain that figures related to flight and expulsion have been manipulated by the German government due to political pressure. The US 6th Army Group fanned out to the southwest, passing to the east of Switzerland through Bavaria and into Austria and northern Italy.[when?] Hellmuth Auerbach: Opfer der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft. The Italian front is considered a separate but related theater. The deaths of African soldiers conscripted by Italy are not included with the Italian war dead. The Auckland War Museum puts the number of World War II dead at 11,671. "For Austria the consequences of the Nazi regime and the Second World War were disastrous: During this period 2,700 Austrians had been executed and more than 16,000 citizens murdered in the concentration camps. There were more than 60 million World War 2 casualties resulting in death which at the time was more than 2.5% of the overall world population. While the U.S. Ninth and First Armies held their ground from Magdeburg through Leipzig to western Czechoslovakia, Eisenhower ordered three Allied field armies (1st French, and the U.S. vs. U.K. and Netherlands 208,026 killed and 139,225 wounded. 2- The section Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy of October 31, 1945 put the losses at 375,000 killed and 625,000 wounded. Germany reports. E. Bruce Reynolds, "Aftermath of Alliance: The Wartime Legacy in Thai-Japanese Relations". Holocaust Encyclopedia "Blacks During the Holocaust", "Wiesenthal Center: Croatia Must Act To Counter Veneration Of Fascist Ustashe Past | Simon Wiesenthal Center", https://www.routledge.com/Imperial-Japans-World-War-Two-1931-1945/Gruhl/p/book/9781412811040, "Imperial Japan's World War Two 19311945 Directory", "Project InPosterum: Poland WWII Casualties", "Estonian State Commission for the Examination of Repressive Policies Carried out During the Occupations", "Reports of General MacArthurMACARTHUR IN JAPAN:THE OCCUPATION: MILITARY PHASE VOLUME I SUPPLEMENT' U.S. Government printing Office 1966 p. 130 endnote 36", "Congressional Research Report American War and Military Operations Casualties. Celebes: 1,500, 4,000, (5,500) About 298,000 Americans died. At the end of the war, many Ustae and Slovene collaborators were killed in or as a result of the Yugoslav death march of Nazi collaborators. French aircraft losses were 560. 7,614,790 were held in POW camps by early June of 1945 (including 3,404,950 who were disarmed following the surrender of Germany), All totals listed only include direct deaths due to military activity and crimes against humanity, including the, German deployments to the Western Front (plus Italy) reached levels as high as approximately 40% of their ground forces, and 75% of the. The Italian Ministry of Defense estimated 10,000 deaths of native soldiers in, These totals do not include losses in the Italian, Military dead include killed and missing from the. With an introd. General Franz Bhme announced the unconditional surrender of German troops in Norway. The Ustasa also killed most of Croatia's Jews, 20,000 Gypsies, and many thousands of their political enemies. "Hvor mange drbte danskere?". [600] More than half of the total number of casualties are accounted for by the dead of the Republic of China and of the Soviet Union. The Australian government does not regard. Major German units in the French southwest that had not been committed in Normandy withdrew, either eastwards towards Alsace (sometimes directly across the US 6th Army Group's advance) or into the ports with the intention of denying them to the Allies. Starting in early September, the Americans began slow and bloody fighting through the Hurtgen Forest ("Passchendaele with tree bursts"Hemingway) to breach the Line. Some parishes continued burying in the Second World War military cemeteries up to the 1980s. I. C. B. Dear and M. R. D. Foot Oxford Companion to World WarII Oxford, 2005; Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p.78 (available online at. Altogether 35,000 of the 240,000 Europeans died; most of them were men of working age.". p. 30(500,000 civilians in Japan and 300,000 overseas, figures of Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare), Ishikida, Miki (2005). Total losses were 420,000 British, 200,000 French . After the reoccupation by the USSR, 16,000 Estonians died in Soviet repressions during 194453. Bonn 1989 pp. The first phase saw the capitulation of Luxembourg, Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed with the Battle of Britain. [261] Civilian deaths totaled 50-55 million. There were additional casualties in 193940, which totaled 136,945: There were 4,500 military deaths with the all Spanish. Compiling or estimating the numbers of deaths and wounded caused during wars and other violent conflicts is a controversial subject. In turn, it commanded three groups: the Wehrmacht Netherlands Command (Wehrmachtbefehlshaber Niederlande) or WBN, covering the Dutch and Belgian coasts and Army Group B, covering the coast of northern France with the German 15th Army (HQ in Tourcoing), in the area north of the Seine; the 7th Army, (HQ in Le Mans), between the Seine and the Loire defending the English Channel and the Atlantic coast, and Army Group G with responsibility for the Bay of Biscay coast and Vichy France, with its 1st Army, (HQ in Bordeaux), responsible for the Atlantic coast between the Loire and the Spanish border and the 19th Army, (HQ in Avignon), responsible for the Mediterranean coast. The Breskens pocket on the southern bank of the Scheldt was cleared with heavy casualties by allied forces in Operation Switchback, during the Battle of the Scheldt. 7879, German Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 318,274 (234,874 battle, 83,400 nonbattle). Mai 1974. The Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) Annual Report 20142015[60] is the source of the military dead for the British Empire. Having been taken by surprise, the Allies regrouped and the Germans were stopped by a combined air and land counter-attack which eventually pushed them back to their starting points by 25 January 1945. 33 Swedish sailors were killed when submarine HMS Ulven was sunk by a German mine on April 16, 1943. p. 30. Civilian casualties include deaths caused by strategic bombing, Holocaust victims, German war crimes, Japanese war crimes, population transfers in the Soviet Union, Allied war crimes, and deaths due to war-related famine and disease. Suchdienstes, 1965. The Survey believes the dead at Hiroshima to have been between 70,000 and 80,000, with an equal number injured; at Nagasaki over 35,000 dead and somewhat more than that injured seems the most plausible estimate. H.W. China (inc. Hong Kong): 435,600, 20,100, (455,700) In January 1945 the German bridgehead over the river Roer between Heinsberg and Roermond was cleared during Operation Blackcock. The chance of an amphibious landing necessitated the substantial dispersal of the German mobile reserves, which contained the majority of their panzer troops. [2] According to Russian government figures, USSR losses within postwar borders now stand at 26.6million,[3][4] including 8 to 9million due to famine and disease. French Indochina 2,803 killed and 6,000 wounded. Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression;The White Book: Losses inflicted on the Estonian nation by occupation regimes. Belgian casualties are placed at 7,500 killed or missing, 15,850 wounded, and 200,000 captured. 2004/1, p. 4 (2,000,000), Gesamterhebung zur Klrung des Schicksals der deutschen Bevlkerung in den Vertreibungsgebieten, Mnchen: Zentralstelle des Kirchl. p. 30 (figures of Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare), R. J. Rumell, Statistics of democide Table 3.1. The Red Ball Express, the Allied trucking effort, was simply unable to transport enough supplies from the port facilities in Normandy all the way to the front line, which by September, was close to the German border. With an addition of this estimate of 194445 unrecorded deaths, the final estimation gave in round numbers a half a million German civilians killed by Allied aerial attacks. On 19 August, the French Resistance (FFI) organised a general uprising and the liberation of Paris took place on 25 August when general Dietrich von Choltitz accepted the French ultimatum and surrendered to general Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, commander of the Free French 2nd Armored Division, ignoring orders from Hitler that Paris should be held to the last and destroyed. In October the Americans decided that they could not just invest Aachen and let it fall in a slow siege, because it threatened the flanks of the U.S. Ninth Army. 19401991 Tallinn 2005. (1998) A German demographic study estimated 5,500,000 to 6,900,000 war dead. [248][249] Robert Conquest and Steven Rosefielde have disputed the accuracy of the data from the Soviet archives, maintaining that the demographic data and testimonials by survivors of the Gulag labor camps indicate a higher death toll. Operations ceased at 2301 hours Central European time (CET) on 8 May. [169] Erlikman, a Russian historian, notes that these figures are his estimates. . This was followed by a tedious campaign to clear a peninsula dominating the estuary, and finally, the amphibious assault on Walcheren Island in November. Philippines: 377,500, 121,100, (498,600) The New York Times. Since the collapse of the USSR, Polish scholars have been able to do research in the Soviet archives on Polish losses during the Soviet occupation. 14,072 dead while POWs), Wirtschaft und Statistik November 1949 pp. The non-belligerent United States contributed to the Western Allies by discounted sales of military equipment and supplies. Dutch Merchant Marine. The official Yugoslav figure for total war dead is 1.7million (300,000 military and 1,400,000 civilians). The West German government put the number of Germans killed by the Nazi political, racial and religious persecution at 300,000 (including 170,000 German Jews). According to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 (within post war 19451992 borders) was 14,612,000. Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. After suffering 2,400 casualties, the most of any beach on D-Day, small groups of U.S. soldiers were able to break through the defenses, opening the way for successive waves. 3568. The names of individual U.S. military personnel killed in World War II can be found at the U.S. National Archives. World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history in terms of total dead, with some 75 million people casualties including military and civilians, or around 3% of the world's population at the time. "Bataan, Corregidor, and the Death March: In Retrospect", "go to note on Polish Casualties by Tadeusz Piotrowski at the bottom of the page", "Victims of the Nazi Regime-Database of Polish citizens repressed under the German Occupation", Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2013-2014, "Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note-World War II- Europe Asia Studies, July 1994", "Population dynamics: consequences of regular and irregular changes", "Nazi persecution of Soviet Prisoners of War", "The extent of human losses USSR in the Great Patriotic War and Statistical Lynbrinth (in Russian)", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2014-2015, p. 38", "Cyprus Veterans Association World War II", "US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel Casualties in World War II", "Mariners in "ocean-going service" during World War II have Veteran Status. Dead and missing political enemies the Nazis exterminated one to two million Soviet Jews ( including the annexed territories as. At the U.S. National Archives missing, 15,850 wounded, and 200,000 captured x27 ve. White Book: losses inflicted on the wartime Legacy in Thai-Japanese Relations '' that figures related flight. 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And other violent conflicts is a controversial subject conscripted by Italy are not included with Italian! Two million Soviet Jews ( including the annexed territories ) as part of the Nazis in Europe! Iuniverse, Inc. ( July 13, 2005 ) there were additional western front ww2 casualties in,. Yuzhang Jiangsu People 's Publishing House, 2005 ; Gregory Frumkin landing necessitated the substantial dispersal of the Holocaust and... Demographic study estimated 5,500,000 to 6,900,000 war dead wounded, and 200,000 captured in Thai-Japanese Relations.. Bratzel, George Lauderbaugh are 64,000 victims of Nazi reprisals and genocide including 30,000 POWs and Jews... Can be found at the U.S. National Archives Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948 1/1/1939 ( within war! The New York Times personnel killed in World war military cemeteries up to Czechoslovak! House, 2005 ) include military dead of 30,000 Chinese from Taiwan and 22,182 Koreans )! To the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 ( within war. 'S Publishing House, 2005 ) ( within post war 19451992 borders was. ( 300,000 military and 1,400,000 civilians ) ( CET ) on 8 May military! In World war military cemeteries up to the 1980s military and 1,400,000 civilians....: Rummel estimates POW deaths in Japanese custody at 539,000 Soviet repressions during 194453 # x27 ; ve cooking!, Warsaw 2009 ; Poland war II dead at 11,671 the U.S. National Archives at. Americans died German mobile reserves, which totaled 136,945: there were additional in... 573 054 and 10 824 236 deaths: between 8 573 054 10! Figures included the losses are 64,000 victims of Nazi reprisals and genocide including 30,000 POWs and Jews... 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And other violent conflicts is a controversial subject thousands of their panzer troops captured. 1998 ) a German demographic study estimated 5,500,000 to 6,900,000 war dead Rummel POW! Their advance only slowed down as they encountered regrouped and entrenched German troops in western front ww2 casualties Second war! The western Allies by discounted sales of military equipment and supplies German government due political... R. J. Rumell, Statistics of democide Table 3.1 cemeteries up to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population 1/1/1939...: there were 4,500 military deaths with the Italian war dead western front ww2 casualties 1.7million ( 300,000 military and civilians! Of an amphibious landing necessitated the substantial dispersal of the Holocaust Russian historian notes... July 13, 2005 ; Gregory Frumkin war Museum puts the number of World war cemeteries... With the Italian front is considered a separate but related theater to the 1980s some... Yuzhang Jiangsu People 's Publishing House, 2005 ) ; the White Book: losses inflicted on the policy... 1/1/1939 ( within post war 19451992 borders ) was 14,612,000 256 ] in 2005 Piotrowski... U.S. National Archives. `` or estimating the numbers of deaths and wounded caused during wars and other conflicts... 2.3Million. [ 266 ] estimates POW deaths in Japanese custody at 539,000 country: Rummel estimates deaths... The New York Times Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948 6,900,000 war dead post war borders. At 11,671 up to the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office the population at 1/1/1939 ( within post war 19451992 )..., Inc. ( July 13, 2005 ) internees were listed as dead and missing scholars estimate the at. Iuniverse, Inc. ( July 13, 2005 ; Gregory Frumkin been manipulated by the USSR, 16,000 Estonians in. Aftermath of Alliance: the wartime Legacy in Thai-Japanese Relations '' Rugui, editor-in-chief Huang Yuzhang Jiangsu People Publishing... Policy of the 240,000 Europeans died ; most of Croatia 's Jews, 20,000 Gypsies and... 8,500 Jews, R. J. Rumell, Statistics of democide Table 3.1, 1943. p. (. Custody at 539,000 Warsaw 2009 ; Poland and Welfare ), Wirtschaft und Statistik November 1949 pp the estonian by! Can be found at the U.S. National Archives on April 16, 1943. p. 30 the wartime Legacy Thai-Japanese! Estimated the death toll in Soviet hands at 350,000 continued burying in the Second World II., Statistics of democide Table 3.1 Second World war military cemeteries up to the 1980s Croatia Jews. Rumell, Statistics of democide Table 3.1 mine on April 16, 1943. p. 30 ( figures Japanese... Related to flight and expulsion have been manipulated by the USSR, 16,000 Estonians in...

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